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1.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 18(4): 82-88, July-Aug. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-695123

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Biological age is an important parameter for growth and development assessment. It can be evaluated through the observation of radiographic changes in skeletal maturation of cervical vertebrae. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to: a) verify if there is correlation between growth curve and the stages of bone age of animals used in laboratories, by evaluating radiographs of the cervical vertebrae; b) correlate these stages with their correspondents in humans. METHODS: 35 Wistar rats were evaluated for a period of 160 days, starting at day 22nd (weaning), with cross sections for periodic weighing, length measurement and digital radiography. Radiographs of the cervical vertebrae (C2 and C3) were measured by means of a computer program (Radio IMP). Data were submitted to statistical analysis (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation. RESULTS: Growth spurt was characterized by fast increasing in weight and length. Through ANOVA, differences were observed in the cervical measurements between days 22, 97, 127, 157, 187 and 217 (p <0.001). A high correlation was found between increasing in body length and weight, as well as in cervical vertebrae height (r = 0.86). Increments in concavities of vertebrae were also observed, similar to humans. CONCLUSIONS: There is correlation between body growth and maturation of cervical vertebrae in rats. Despite the continuous development of concavities, it was not possible to clearly identify the 5/6 stages as in studies of cervical vertebrae maturation in humans.


INTRODUÇÃO: a idade biológica é um parâmetro importante na avaliação do crescimento e desenvolvimento, podendo ser avaliada por meio da observação de alterações na maturação óssea das vértebras. OBJETIVO: o presente estudo visa descrever e relacionar a curva de crescimento de ratos utilizados em pesquisas laboratoriais com os estágios de idade óssea, avaliados por radiografias de vértebras cervicais, e correlacionar esses estágios com estudos correspondentes em humanos. MÉTODOS: foram avaliados 35 ratos Wistar em um período de 160 dias, iniciando no 22º dia de vida (desmame), com cortes transversais periódicos para pesagem, medição do comprimento e radiografias digitais. As radiografias das vértebras cervicais (C2 e C3) foram mensuradas por meio de um programa de computador (Radio IMP). Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística de variância (ANOVA). RESULTADOS: o surto de crescimento caracterizou-se por aumento rápido de peso e comprimento, seguido por um período de crescimento lento e de estabilidade. Uma alta correlação (r = 0,86) foi verificada entre o aumento de peso e o comprimento do corpo, bem como o comprimento das vértebras cervicais. Incrementos nas concavidades das vértebras dos ratos foram observados, semelhantemente aos resultados obtidos em estudos em humanos. CONCLUSÕES: existe correlação entre o crescimento corporal de ratos e a maturação das vértebras cervicais. Apesar da detecção de desenvolvimento contínuo de concavidades das vértebras, não foi possível identificar claramente os 5 ou 6 estágios de maturação óssea descritos em seres humanos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rats , Age Determination by Skeleton/methods , Bone Development/physiology , Cervical Vertebrae/growth & development , Rats, Wistar/growth & development , Analysis of Variance , Body Height , Body Weight , Cervical Vertebrae
2.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 10(2): 152-157, Apr.-June 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-599391

ABSTRACT

To evaluate caries experience and prevalence associated to social and preventive factors in 3-6-year-old children of a Pastoral Community from Limeira, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out through an epidemiologic research about the oral conditions of 110 children registered at the Children’s Pastoral Community from the city of Limeira, SP, Brazil. Intraoral examination was performed by a trained dentist and the parents/caregivers filled out a questionnaire in order to outline the children’s profile with respect to gender, parental education and oral health. Results: Differences related to gender were not detected (p= 0.3404). The most frequent periods of breastfeeding were 0 to 2 months (36.36%) and 2 to 6 months (35.45%), corresponding to 71.81% of the cases. The time bottle feeding pointed to two most frequent categories: 1) more than 12 months (35.45%) and 2) between 2 and 6 months (22.63%). Regarding parental education, the majority of the sample has not completed primary school (38.32%). It was observed a larger number of decayed teeth in male children (63.39%). Caries experience was significantly higher in children who were breastfed for only 2 months of life (41.96%). Children that did not use baby bottle or did not use a baby bottle for more than 1 year presented a smaller dmft, corresponding to 29.17% and 28.33%, respectively. Time of use of bottle and pacifier presented a significant association (p<0.05). Conclusions: The implementation of adequate strategies and actions is needed to reinforce oral health conditions in risk groups.


Subject(s)
Dental Caries , Dental Health Surveys , Epidemiology , Health Promotion , Oral Health , School Health Services
3.
J. Health Sci. Inst ; 29(1): 19-22, jan.-mar. 2011. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-606317

ABSTRACT

Objective - Technological improvement is usually followed by comparisons between conventional and new. Those who work with radiographic assessment, such as cephalometric analysis for orthodontic diagnosis, have been living a new challenging and learning phase since the introduction of digital images. It is possible to obtain reproducible and clear images with digital radiography, but radiography printing is still a necessity for teaching purposes. The aim of this study was to compare cephalometric analysis performed on conventional radiography and on digitized and printed radiography. Methods - Eleven lateral cephalometric radiographies were taken from different patients, digitized by scanner and printed on transparent proper paper. Ricketts cephalometric analysis was performed on conventional radiographies and on digitized-and-printed radiographies. Results - After statistical analysis, it was found that there were no significant differences between printed and conventional radiography. High correlation between the techniques was found for LAFH, EF, PF and PM; while moderate correlation was found for MA. Conclusion - Digital radiography acquired with indirect method, when properly printed, presents satisfactory results for cephalometric analysis.


Objetivo - Com o desenvolvimento tecnológico, são inevitáveis as comparações entre o novo e o convencional. Aqueles que trabalham com estudos radiográficos, incluindo análises cefalométricas para o diagnóstico em ortodontia, têm vivido uma fase de adaptação e aprendizado com a introdução das imagens digitais. Tornou-se, com elas, possível a obtenção de imagens mais nítidas e reprodutíveis, embora sua impressão ainda seja necessária para propósitos de ensino. Este trabalho tem por objetivo comparar radiografias convencionais e digitais impressas com finalidade de se realizar análises cefalométricas. Métodos - Onze teleradiografias laterais foram realizadas em diferentes pacientes. As imagens foram digitalizadas e impressas em papel apropriado transparente. A análise cefalométrica de Ricketts foi realizada nas radiografias convencionais e digitalizadas. Resultados - De acordo com a análise estatística, não houve diferenças entre as radiografias convencionais e digitalizadas. Grande correlação foi encontrada para ângulo da altura facial anterior, eixo facial, profundidade facial e plano mandibular; enquanto correlação moderada foi encontrada para arco mandibular. Conclusão - A radiografia digital adquirida pelo método indireto quando adequadamente impressa, serve satisfatoriamente aos anseios da análise cefalométrica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cephalometry , Radiographic Image Enhancement/instrumentation , Radiography, Dental/methods
4.
Rev. CEFAC ; 13(1): 159-164, jan.-fev. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-576205

ABSTRACT

TEMA: paralisia cerebral e alterações salivares. O paciente com paralisia cerebral é acometido por diversas desordens no Sistema Estomatognático, sendo muitas delas expressas sob a forma de alterações no fluxo e composição salivar. A variação da concentração de constituintes da saliva está diretamente relacionada com sua capacidade tampão, antioxidante, imunológica, digestiva e lubrificante, além de sofrer variações em função da velocidade do fluxo salivar, o qual está intimamente relacionado à eficiência dos estímulos mecânicos e neurais do trato salivar. Alterações na deglutição, da percepção gustativa, do processo de mineralização dos dentes e da propriedade protetora da saliva contra lesões cariosas, infecções e inflamações, freqüentemente observadas em pacientes com paralisia cerebral, podem ser avaliadas pelo exame da saliva. OBJETIVO: realizar uma revisão de literatura relacionando as principais alterações sialométrica e sialoquímica de pacientes com paralisia cerebral e seus efeitos na saúde bucal. CONCLUSÃO: a análise sialométrica e sialoquímica oferece informações extremamente úteis no diagnóstico e no direcionamento do tratamento desses pacientes, e pode ser considerada uma indicadora prática e objetiva dos processos de doença e disfunções.


BACKGROUND: cerebral palsy and salivary alterations. Patients with cerebral palsy frequently suffer from several disorders in the Stomatognathic System, many of them being expressed as alterations in the salivary flow and composition. Variations in the concentration of salivary components are directly related to their buffering, antioxidant, immunological, digestive and lubricant capacity, and vary according to the velocity of salivary flow, which is deeply related to the efficiency mechanical and neural stimuli on salivary tracts. Alterations in the swallowing function, gustative perception, mineralization of teeth process, as well as salivary protection function against caries lesions, infection and inflammation, which are frequently found in patients with cerebral palsy, can be analyzed through salivary exams. PURPOSE: this study aimed to perform a literature review related to the main sialometric and sialochemical alterations observed in patients with cerebral palsy and their effects on oral health. CONCLUSION: sialometric and sialochemical analyses are an objective and practical indicator of disease and dysfunction process and offer extremely useful information on the diagnosis and treatment referral for these patients.

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